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英語学習

大学院生が学びなおす英語|強調

こんにちは!

今回は「大学院生が学びなおす英語」シリーズで、英文法の中で強調についてまとめたいと思います。

強調のための語句

  • do: I do want a wallet.
    doでwantを強調する.
    過去形の場合didを使う.→ I did pay it.
  • 副詞(really, very, really, all):
    It was really interesting to play soccer.
    これは普通にそう.
  • 形容詞(the very + 名詞):
    Nagasaki is the very place I have always wanted to visit.
    「the very + 名詞」で名詞を強調.
    「まさしくその~(名詞)」

疑問と否定の強調

  • 疑問詞の強調(on earth, in the world):
    What on earth happened?
    How in the world did you do it?
    on earth, in the worldはどっちも「一体全体」

    *疑問文の強調
    Did the medicine work at all?
    at allで「そもそも、いったい」
  • 否定表現の強調(at all, in the least, whatever):
    I didn’t enjoy reading research paper at all.
    at all「少しも、全然」

    She is not in the least interested in videogames.
    in the least「まったく」
  • and 使うやつ:
    He practiced shooting to upper right of the goal again and again.
    again and again: 「何度も」
    over and over: 「重ね重ね」

    Summer in Japan is hotter and hotter.
    比較級 and 比較級: 「ますます~」

    I read and read his research paper.
    動詞 and 動詞でも強調表現になる

強調構文

It was [強調したい語句] that [原文 – 強調したい語句]

原文: Takeshi accepted the exam yesterday.

Takeshiを強調:
It was Takeshi who accepted the exam yesterday.

the examを強調:
It was the exam that Takeshi accepted yesterday.

yesterdayを強調:
It was yesterday that Takeshi accepted the exam.

*強調構文は疑問文&否定文にできる.

*thatは省略されることもある(口語)

*人称代名詞(I, you, he, she等)が強調される場合:
主格か目的格どちらでも可

*not ~ until…の強調:
not untilまとめてisとthatの間に入れる
I didn’t know the gender of My brother’s child until the afternoon.
→ It was not until the afternoon that I know the gender of My brother’s child.

強調構文の応用

  • 節を強調
    It was because I returned home that I missed the meeting.
  • 疑問詞を強調
    Who was it that knock the door when I was entering the bathroom?
    thatの前までを「疑問詞 + is[was] it」とする.

関係詞を使った強調

  • whatを使う:
    What is expected of Otani is to hit a homerun.
  • Allを使う:
    All I have to do is call the student assistant center.
    All 主語 have to do is ~「~さえすればよい」


作成者: 大学院生

東北生まれ
24卒の大学院生
卒業旅行のため金策中

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